Although we all know that no Vegeta-focused animated movie really came to pass and likely never came past the brainstorming stage as Toriyama himself admits here, it's obvious that Vegeta's character development was put into focus throughout the entirety of Dragon Ball Super. My question is, out of all of the arcs so far, which one really explores Vegeta deepest of all? Which one can be said to truly focus on him as the protagonist, above or equal to Goku?As for Vegeta, in the event that there’s talk of another animated film, then next time, I’d like him to play the main role. (Of course, this is nothing more than intentions, and I haven’t decided anything at all.)
Although the Golden Freeza arc gives Vegeta a token moment in the spotlight, I don't think anyone would in good faith call this a "Vegeta movie". His presence in the story is minimal until he steps in with Super Saiyan Blue to lay a cathartic beatdown on Freeza. Neither of the following Super movies place much focus on Vegeta specifically, either.
The Universe 6 arc has a very good claim. The story may be fairly minimal, but Vegeta spends by far the most time in the arena and claims three victories to his name. He bounces well off Cabba, Frost, and Hit, though the latter beats him without effort, allowing Goku to reclaim the spotlight in the final act.
Vegeta goes to town on Goku Black in both versions of the Future Trunks arc, but it's fair to say that he's overshadowed by... well, Future Trunks. It's his purple blue-haired son's story, at its core. His role decreases further in the Tournament of Power arc, less so in the anime where he gets several focus episodes, but certainly in the manga where he barely does anything aside from assist Goku here and there.
However, Toyotaro's two original Super arcs place heavy focus on Vegeta and give him a compelling through-line of grappling with the guilt of his past sins and his inferiority complex towards Goku. I'd personally say from the Moro arc to the Granolah arc is the closest thing we got to Vegeta truly shining as a main protagonist above or at least equal to Goku, purely in terms of the focus allotted to him and how he gets to develop across both arcs. Fans dunk on Vegeta in both arcs because he arbitrarily doesn't get a big W against any of the main antagonists, but then in most cases, neither does Goku. So, as a cheat move, I'm going to say both the Moro and Granolah arcs come closest to being the "Vegeta arc".